Izhar Halqi

Quran script:

Colour guide

In the Quranic examples only the letters to which the rule applies are coloured; the rest of the word stays black. Each colour has one fixed meaning throughout the book:

Ghunnah: Ikhfa', Iqlab, Idgham bi-Ghunnah, doubled Nun and Mim

Izhar: Halqi, Shafawi, Qamari

A letter that is written but not pronounced, or fully merged without Ghunnah

Qalqalah

Madd of two counts: Tabi'i, Badal, Silah Sughra, 'Iwad

Madd of four or five counts: Muttasil, Munfasil, Silah Kubra

Madd Lazim of six counts

Madd of 2, 4 or 6 counts: 'Arid li-s-Sukun and Lin at a stop

Tafkhim (heavy)

Tarqiq (light)

The letter under study in the example

Special cases: Sakt, Imalah, Tashil, Ishmam

Izhar (الإِظْهَار) means making clear; technically it is pronouncing the silent Nun or the Tanwin from its makhraj, with no added Ghunnah, when a throat letter follows. Its six letters are Huruf al-Halq (حُرُوف الحَلْق): Hamzah, Ha', 'Ayn, Ha', Ghayn and Kha'. The reason is the distance between the makhraj of Nun and these letters. With Nun it occurs within one word or across two; with Tanwin only across two.

Izhar Halqi

مَنۡ ءَامَنَمَنْ اٰمَنَ

Al-Baqarah 2:62

يَنۡهَوۡنَيَنْهَوْنَ

Al-An'am 6:26

مِنۡ عِلۡمٍمِنْ عِلْمٍ

An-Nisa 4:157

مِنۡ حَكِيمٍ حَمِيدٖمِنْ حَكِيْمٍ حَمِيْدٍ

Fussilat 41:42

مِنۡ غِلّٖمِنْ غِلٍّ

Al-A'raf 7:43

مَّنۡ خَشِيَمَنْ خَشِيَ

Qaf 50:33

عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٞعَذَابٌ عَظِيْمٌ

Al-Baqarah 2:7

Tanwin before 'Ayn

أَنۡعَمۡتَاَنْعَمْتَ

Al-Fatihah 1:7

مِنۡهُمۡمِنْهُمْ

Al-Baqarah 2:75

Note

Its sign in the Madinah Mushaf: a sukun on the Nun, and the two marks of Tanwin placed directly one above the other.

Note

In the Indo-Pak Mushaf the silent Nun always carries a sukun (jazm); Izhar is recognised by the next letter being a throat letter.